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How can HR help business leaders and employees react in the short term and remain for the long term? Dave Ulrich, Rensis Likert Professor, Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, examines leadership during crises.
No one alive has experienced a global crisis like the coronavirus, and its unprecedented impact on our personal and professional lives. Personal and family health will always have priority. We all mourn with those that mourn and we take care of our loved ones.
However, with a global time out – caused by travel restrictions, social distancing, closed restaurants and stores, and a looming recession – business implications are also profound. Personal well being is often shaped by the organizations where we live and work. Many industries (e.g. travel, entertainment, consumer goods, advisory services) are more directly affected, but all organisations have to adapt to this crisis.
In the face of dramatic contextual jolts, HR deliverables of talent, leadership, and organization become even more pivotal. For talent (workforce, employees, people), HR provides psychological safety in the face of uncertainty, positive and empathic work experiences, and increased employee sentiment through these three key behaviours: believe (meaning and purpose), become (learn and grow) and belong (sense of community).
HR helps leaders make bold decisions, instill confidence with all stakeholders, and model behaviors that employees should follow. HR also helps organizations enact and live espoused values, institutionalize the ‘right’ culture, and reinvent business models to create the future.
HR’s role in a crisis is ever more critical because the stress of a crisis magnifies actions and creates lingering memories.
Recently, many thoughtful posts offer helpful tactical tips for delivering essential services (how to work remotely, manage personal health, and so forth). In addition to these helpful tips, HR plays a critical strategic role in coping with disruption.
In our research and experience, we found that HR’s greatest contribution to business and personal success comes from navigating paradox. Paradox means continually balancing two extremes, not merely managing to one agenda. Let me suggest how to navigate three of the most demanding paradoxes that arise in this crisis. By navigating these (and other) paradoxes, HR professionals help business leaders and employees react in the short term and remain for the long term.
Employees are the heart of any organisation and HR’s opportunity is to help both business and HR leaders be caregivers to all employees. Caregiving is not about creating dependency, but about ensuring that employees feel cared for, supported, and nurtured. I am proud to be a caregiver to my 92 year-old mother as I help her find relevance in her life. Obviously, many are responsible for employee well being, the employee being ultimately accountable, but line managers as owners and HR professionals as architects care for the employees.
But, at the same time, HR must attend to the organisation setting to ensure the right culture and capabilities, to be an organisation architect (again, with line managers as owners). Navigating individual needs with organisational requirements balances what is right for the both the employee and the organisation. When employee decisions are made or actions taken, business and HR leaders should ensure that those employee actions reflect organisational values.
In the middle of this crisis, an executive team asked themselves, “What do we want to be known for by all of our stakeholders as we respond to the present crisis?” They listed some marvelous identifiers (e.g., caring, empathy, nurturing). Then they were asked to review their organisation’s core values that they had spent much time crafting. They found that their quick top of mind identifiers did not fully capture all the values they espoused (e.g., innovation, collaboration, accountability), so they tweaked their desired identifiers to more align with their espoused values. They recognized the importance of caring for employees while simultaneously attending to their organisation’s values.
Triage requires reacting urgently and boldly to sudden, often unexpected, events (close a business, work from home, employee illness, cost cutting). With inevitable triage, business and HR leaders can help make sure that what has to get done gets done. At the same time, HR should continually plan for what’s next by envisioning a future and folding today’s decisions into tomorrow’s aspirations. HR enables triage by constantly showing how actions today will be interpreted in the future and by turning future visions and strategies into daily actions.
At a university where students were suddenly prohibited from attending class and the faculty had to learn to deliver online courses, a number of triage actions occurred (e.g., training faculty to do online courses, changing building hours, upgrading technology), but at the same time, the university commitment to “student success” was always the overriding criterion for actions taken. In organisations, ‘student’ and be replaced by ‘customer and investor’ success. HR helps ensure that triage actions now will create a workplace that succeeds in the marketplace.
In a crisis, how decisions are made often reflects underlying values. As an analogue, we often swear in our native language. One leader recently stated, “This is a crisis, I will be in charge, make decisions, then broadcast decisions to others.” He is right, and wrong. Navigating between a command and control decision model, versus a coach and collaborate decision model, does not have to be either/or. Navigating top/down and bottom/up decision making may be done by simply asking others, “What do you think?”
In one case, a company had to quickly cut 20% of labor costs to stay financially viable. The leader laid out two alternative options: reduce headcount by 20%, or ensure that everyone takes a 20% reduction in pay for a period. Instead of simply choosing either option, she asked others which of these two options they would select. Taking others’ responses into account, she then made the decision. Others felt heard (participative management) even if their desired solution was not adopted. HR can also help clarify decision processes. What is the decision to be made? Who will make it? When will it be made? Who will be accountable to follow through?
By clarifying decisions processes, HR ensure decisions that that enable others.
Many other paradoxes become even more pivotal in the midst of a crisis, including:
In a crisis, it is tempting to ‘manage’ (do one or the other) rather than ‘navigate’ (do both simultaneously) these paradoxes. Of course, HR should continue to provide ‘tip sheets’ for essential services. But in this crisis, HR adds even more value by delving into the challenges of navigating these paradoxes. By so doing, HR helps business leaders deliver talent, organisation, and leadership so that all stakeholders (employees, customers, investors, communities) live beyond today’s crisis. I am enormously confident that HR professionals will live up to these opportunities.
At the RBL Group we are poised to help you deliver value by recognizing and navigating these paradoxes (www.rbl.net). Let us know if we can help.